@article{ 
author = {},  
title = {Factors Associated With the Repeated Imprisonments Among Prisoners of Tuyserkan in 2012}, 
abstract ={ Background: Research on formation and frequency of crime is necessary because it is the only correct understanding of the underlying factors that can be act to reduce crime. This study examined factors associated with the repeated of imprisonments in prisoners of Tuyserkan city. Methods: The present study is a descriptive – analytical study done over 93 prisoners, in Tuyserkan city in 2012. A random sampling of all prisoners (n= 247) were selected. The data based on a chech list including demographic, behavioral, and the mass was collected. After collecting the data, using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used. Fingings: In total, 65.6% had a history of incarceration. The education levels of 70% of them were less than a cycle and on 64.5% of them were older than 35 years. 79.6% of them were using drugs before imprisonment. In this study, history of prison in their friends (OR =5.2) and substance use (OR =9.5) were involved in re-incarceration. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study location, (city and leased to the expatriate's home), a history of crime in friends, drug abuse before prison, age at first offense with imprisonment of repetition was a significant relationship. So we can do effective procedures to prevent and reduce repeat offenses and released back to prison, the design and implementation of the principles of classification and separation of prisoners and education them, improve prison conditions and to provide effective services to them, accepting inmates that are released by family, friends and social institutions and effective measures to prevent their exclusion.  },  
Keywords = {Offenses,  Imprisonment, Repeated Offenses},
volume = {17},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization},
url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-502-en.html},  
eprint = {},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine},  
issn = {1027-1457}, 
eissn = {2383-0034}, 
year = {2012}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Emdadi, shohre and Jalilian, Farzad and Shiri, Marzieh and MirzayiAlavijeh, Mehdi and Morshedi, Mahboobeh and Ahmadpanah, Mohamad and ZinatMotlagh, Fazel},  
title = {The Relationship Between Subjective Norms and Registered Volunteer Organ Donors Among Students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, 
abstract ={    Background: Organ transplantation is one of the effective treatments and sometimes the only treatment for advanced diseases But, about 10-25% of transplant required patients die without receiving the organ. This study performed to determine a relationship between subjective norms and registered volunteer organ donors among college students.     Method: This was a cross-sectional study among 330 students in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, in a classified proportionate sampling method. Data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using statistical software SPSS-16.     Findings: Results showed that the age range was 18-30 years and the mean was 21.33±3/2 years. Among samples, 67.2% were female and 32.8% were male. The majority of participants (21.9%) mentioned TV was the source of their information about organ donation card, and 6.6% had a donation Card. 25.2% of them mentioned if they had the card, their family would approve it. In addition, those who had a card were in higher subjective norms (p<0.001).     Conclusion: Based on our results, it seems that advertising and culturalization especially in broadcasting systems could have a positive role in decision making for being registered as an organ donor.  },  
Keywords = {Organ Donation Card, Student, Subjective Norms},
volume = {17},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {217-224}, 
publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization},
url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-457-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-457-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine},  
issn = {1027-1457}, 
eissn = {2383-0034}, 
year = {2012}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Dolatian, Mahrokh and Hesami, kajhal and Shams, Jamal and AlaviMajd, Hamid and Moafi, Farnoosh},  
title = {The Barriers to Screening for Domestic Violence}, 
abstract ={  Background: Poor performance of a medical team to identify domestic violence is an important problem because there is not an appropriate support. On the other hand, routine screening for domestic violence leads to a rapid identification. Therefore, it may provide a wider network of prevention strategies covering primary and, more importantly, secondary and tertiary prevention. This study was conducted in 2009, aims to determine the barriers of screening domestic violence from the perspective of the medical staff in clinics and hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.     Method: A descriptive study was performed on 100 health care personnel in clinics and hospitals related to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Data for this study were collected in a questionnaire included demographic characteristics and barriers of screening domestic violence from the perspective of health care. In this study clinics and hospitals were randomly selected. The findings were analyzed using 17 SPSS version.     Findings: Based on the results, the mean age of the samples was 33.81 ± 6.38 years. Most respondents (63%) had a bachelor degree and two thirds of them (79 %) were midwives and nurses. The average years of experiences of the personnel was 9.93 ± 5.34 years. In the survey, most participants were confident in their abilities to investigate domestic violence in different areas and were satisfied of helping abused women. However, due to a lack of proper training in this area, they were hesitant to ask questions about violence against women. Also, as most of them expressed, they did not intervene personally unless, the women themselves sought help. In the area of ​​ employment barriers, lack of sufficient time to discuss about domestic violence, lack of adequate support resources and legal consequences were expressed by most participants as barriers of the screening .     Conclusion: According to the results, attention to risks of domestic violence and considering violence as a problem that needs to be screened could be useful for identification of at risk individuals and planning for women training also, to identify ways of reducing threats of violence in men.    },  
Keywords = {Domestic Violence - Screening Barriers- Health Care Personnel},
volume = {17},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {225-232}, 
publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization},
url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-458-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-458-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine},  
issn = {1027-1457}, 
eissn = {2383-0034}, 
year = {2012}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rajaei, Farzad and Mahmoudi, Reza and Sarookhani, Mohammad Reza and Riasati, Mohamm},  
title = {}, 
abstract ={},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {17},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {233-238}, 
publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization},
url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-459-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-459-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine},  
issn = {1027-1457}, 
eissn = {2383-0034}, 
year = {2012}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Solhi, Hassan and Jamalian, Mohammad and Eshrati, Babak and Talebi, Ashkan and Kazemifar, Amir Mohammad and Rafieipour, Ate},  
title = {Carbon Monoxide Production by Wall-Mounted Gas Water-Heaters Used in Apartments of Arak City, Iran in 2011}, 
abstract ={    Background : Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is very common and cause numerous mortalities worldwide. Gas-burning equipments, particularly gas water-heaters are suspected to produce CO. Present study is aimed to evaluate CO production by wall mounted gas water-heaters used at apartments in Arak city of Iran.     Methods : 250 apartments were randomly selected and evaluated for characteristics of their water-heaters, and their flues, after consent provided by their owners. CO concentration in various parts of the apartment was measured in 5, 10, and 15 minutes after function of the water heaters. Query of the residents for common symptoms of CO poisoning was performed too. The findings were analyzed by repeated measurement assessment, one-way ANOVA, and T-test.     Findings : After action of the gas water-heater, CO concentrations raised progressively in all parts of the apartment. CO concentrations were more than 9 ppm in 21% of the kitchens and bathrooms, and 6% of the bedrooms and halls after 15 minute continuous operation of the gas water-heaters. There were a meaningful rise in CO concentration correlates with years of use of the gas water-heaters in the apartments (p<0.001).     Conclusion : Gas water-heaters are potential creators of CO at home. Continuous operation of gas water-heaters progressively produces more CO in the environment. It is especially true if the gas water-heater was old. It is found that gas water-heater working for 15 minutes, produces significant amount of carbon monoxide which in inappropriate air conditioning situation could be stayed for hours. So, more notice should be offered to constant check, monitoring and control of right function of gas water-heaters and proper ventilation of the environment in the home.   },  
Keywords = { Poisoning, Carbon Monoxide, Water-heater, Mortality, Prevention    },
volume = {17},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {239-246}, 
publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization},
url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-493-en.html},  
eprint = {},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine},  
issn = {1027-1457}, 
eissn = {2383-0034}, 
year = {2012}  
}