@article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-861-en.html}, eprint = {}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Khazaei, Salman and Mazharmanesh, Sakine and Mirmoeini, Razie and Hosseini, Bayan and Khazaei, Zaher and Gooudarzi, Elham and AhmadiPishkuhi, Mahi}, title = {Assessing the Final Outcome of Accidents in Patients Admitted to Hospitals\' Emergency Wards in Hamadan Province from 2009 to 2014}, abstract ={Introduction: Considering the fact that there has been a significant increase in accidents, assessing the consequences of accidents in terms of age and sex of victims can be an effective tool for health policy making efforts. Materials &Methods: This study is a cross-sectional one, where all patients referred to hospitals' emergency wards in Hamadan province during 2009 to 2014 were enrolled in it. The data came from injury register database and were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics with Stata software version 12 with a less than 5% error margin. Results: A total of 925135 patients were registered during this period, that in 98.97% of them, the outcome of accidents were remission. In one percent of cases (1359 cases) the outcome of accident was death and only in 41 patients the accident resulted in impairment. The odds of death or impairment in affected women were significantly higher than men and the highest odds of death were in the age group of 35 years and higher. Conclusion: There is small percentage of accidents leading to death and disability during the years under study. The severity of injuries was higher in women and the elderly which may also be due to their greater vulnerability. Therefore, in order to reduce the burden of accidents, it is necessary to design and implement comprehensive educational interventional programs.}, Keywords = { Injury, accident, outcome, Epidemiology, Hamadan}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {249-255}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-849-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-849-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Nejati, Vahid and Hasani, Jafar and Alipour, Farshid and saeidpour, Saber and Nejati, Vahi}, title = {Comparative Study of Prospective Memory and Impulsivity levels in Stimulant Addicts, Opioid Addicts, Cigarette Smokers and Normal Individuals in Tehran City in 2015}, abstract ={Methods: The study used a causal-comparative research design. The target population included all of those individuals with adoliction to stimulants, opioids and cigarette who were referred to medical centers in Tehran city. The subjects included 120 persons (divided in to 4 groups of 30) and were selected through a purposive sampling method considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, informed consent, and matched on demographic variables. They completed the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, prospective memory Scale, and demographic Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of variance). Findings: The results showed that the mean of impulsivity and prospective memory in the three addict group was significantly higher than the normal group. The mean of prospective memory [short-term past, long-term future and impulsivity] was significantly higher in stimulant addicts than in the other two groups of addicts. There was no significant difference between the group of opiate addicts and cigarette smokers, in prospective memory and impulsivity. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be deduced that prospective memory and impulsivity are important neuropsychological factors in addiction, and depending on the route of usage, have significant differences. Hence it is evident that specific interventions, on the basis of type of addiction, will be necessary.}, Keywords = { Impulsivity, prospective memory, cigarette smoking, opioid addiction and stimulant addiction.}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {257-268}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-850-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-850-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {PourmohseniKoluri, Fereshteh and ValiPour, Hamideh}, title = {The Role of Brain-Behavioral Systems in Personality Disorders of Prisoners}, abstract ={Object: Personality disorders and biological personality characteristics are important factors in incidence and continuation of criminal behavior. The objective of this research was to examine the role of brain-behavioral systems in personality disorders of prisoners in Ahar, Mianeh and Maraghe. Method: The method of study was analytical-descriptive. The subjects included 250 volunteer prisoners of Ahar, Maraghe and Mianeh Perisons, during the first 6 month of the year of 1394 selected with available sampling and completed the questionnaire of Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition System and Millon's clinical multiaxial inventory. One hundred subjects with cluster B and C personality disorders were selected. The data were analyzed with regression analysis and Pearson correlation test. Findings: Pearson correlation analysis indicates that behavioral activation system positively and behavioral inhibition system negatively correlated with cluster B disorder. also behavioral activation system (BAS) negatively and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) positively correlated with cluster C personality disorder, while BAS positively and BIS negatively predicted cluster B of personality disorder. BAS negatively and BIS positively predicted cluster C of personality disorder. Conclusion: The role of brain-behavioral systems and personality disorders in criminal behaviors were discussed.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Brain - Behavioral systems, personality disorders, prisoners}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {269-280}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-859-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-859-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {RahimiAhmadAbadi, Somaye and Hejazi, Arya and Attaran, Aamid and RahimiAhmadAbadi, Zahr}, title = {Comparing the Indicators of Mental Health and Parenting Practices in Fertile and Infertile Women applying for adoptions}, abstract ={Introduction: According to several studies, most couples with infertility problems, in the form of a deep and fundamental intertwined. Infertility has vast psychological effects on people (e.g. frustration, conflict and helplessness) and can affect the choice of parenting style. This study compared the indicators of mental health and parenting practices in infertile women applying for adoptions and fertile women. Method: The study has a descriptive design. The study population consisted of all infertile women applying for adoptions admitted to the Forensic Medicine Organization of Khorasan Razavi during a year (2013). The subjects (43) were selected through available sample method and completed a mental health and a parenting style questionnaire, which were also applied to the control group. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (v.19) and independent t test and analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: There is a significant difference (P <0/05) between the two groups (case and control), in terms of mental health and parenting practices. Conclusion: In the present study on indicators of mental health and parenting practices, there was a significant difference between infertile women applying for adoptions and fertile ones, that may be the result of the stress of infertility and the impact of these factors on parenting practices. Hence appropriate psychological interventions and active presence of the husband beside his wife during the course of treatment and the presence of experts in psychology and counseling is very important to solve emotional problems and compulsory education of parenting skills should be considered.}, Keywords = { Mental Health, Parenting Practices, Infertile Women applying for adoptions, Fertile Women}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {281-290}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-860-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-860-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Panahianpour, Mohammadhadi and Mazinani, Rozita and Shabanei, Saei}, title = {Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Myocarditis Presenting As Sudden Unexpected Death (SUD) - Report of a Rare Case}, abstract ={Drug-induced myocarditis is a recognized complication of some therapeutic drugs and drugs of abuse. Cardiomyocytes injury may be caused either by direct toxic injury or triggered by a group of allergic reactions. Sudden death is a less recognized and argued complication of drug-induced myocarditis and hereby we report one such case. In winter of 2014, a 27-year-old man was found dead inside his car and delivered to legal medicine organization for autopsy in order to investigate the cause of death. In his past medical history, significant findings were alcohol abuse, consumption of neuroleptics, and committing suicide by tramadol. The autopsy showed no findings suggestive of homicide or suicide and the toxicological analyses revealed no detectable drug or other poisonous substance. The histopathological findings included inflammatory cell infiltrate rich in eosinophil, perivascular infiltrate and focal myocytolysis in myocardium, hepatic steatonecrosis, and degenerative changes in cerebellar Purkinje cells and some neurons in cerebral cortex (red neuron). Regarding the pathological findings and drugs history, drug-induced hypersensitivity myocarditis was suggested as a cause of death. In this case, criminal homicide was ruled out because of findings that suggest brain hypoxia. Therefore, a thorough and comprehensive medical and drug use history should be considered before declaring the cause of death.}, Keywords = { Sudden death, drug-induced hypersensitivity, myocarditis }, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {291-298}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-862-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-862-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Taghavi, Nazila and OmaniSamani, Reza and Asadinejad, Mohamm}, title = {A Review of Criticisms against Embry Cryopreservation Contract and Explication of its Legal Nature}, abstract ={Background and purpose: Infertility is a big problem for families. Fortunately methods of Assisted Reproductionhas provided hope of Childbearing for infertility families that one of them is cryopreserve embryos. People may desire to have a contract for cryopreservation of embryo due to cancer, Infertility preservation and etc. After conclusion cryopreservation contract; the couples' gametes will be transformed into an embryo through in – vitro fertilization, and then cryopereserve during medical operation and kept in a special device until the transfer to the uterus. As the use of cryopreservayion embryo method, arise legal, judicial and moral issues, that necessary specialists study them. Our aims are review of criticisms against Embry cryopreservation contract and explication of its legal nature Methods: Our method was to review papers, books and Legal texts about the subject. In addition legal analyses have also been done. Finding: The study revealed that the cryopreservation contract is a valid contract, and considering its specific special legality basis of legality should be counted as an undefined contract. Conclusion: Replying the mentioned criticisms and expression legal reasons can prove the validity of such a contract. The rules governing such contracts as those of deligation, deposit, hiring and reward may be applicable to the eontract for embryo cryopreservation. The authors believe that this contract is a combination of persons Rent, deposit & hiring contracts. That's mean in the first step, the cryopreservation center as hired, according to wish of the couples; make embryo through IVF and cryopreseve it. Then the embryo cryopreservation machine will be hire to couples and they deposit it to cryopreservation centers to protec their embryo. Since this contract will be created with an intention, they are placed among undifined contracts.}, Keywords = { cryopreservation, embryo, undefined contract, contractual freedom}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {299-314}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-863-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-863-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Zafari, Ziba and Panjehpoor, Jav}, title = {The Role of Forensic Medicine in Criminal Procedure Process on the Basis of Criminal Procedure Act of 1392}, abstract ={It is true that fulfillment of rights and settlement of disputes in declaring crimes and submitting complaints based on Criminal Procedure Act is one of the duties entrusted with judges, but to succeed in this regard discovering the truth and fact is necessary. It is not always easy for judges to reach this end and it requires cooperation and collaboration of competent experts who are fully equipped with relevant skills and technologies to help judges to achieve the final objective, i.e. administration of justice. The forensic medicine is one of the most important members of this group, which stands first in Criminal Procedure Act because of benefits derived from its specialty and opinion. The Criminal Procedure Act of1392, through which the legislators endeavored to be up-to-date and remove the shortcomings of the previous Act, provides for involvement of forensic medicine in criminal prosecution and different stages of the proceedings, including detection of crime, prosecution of the accused, detention, trial, sentencing and enforcement of the punishment. This study attempts to show the role considered by the mentioned Act for forensic medicine in each one of the mentioned stages and effects of its opinions in the decisions made by the judicial authorities. It is clear that the role of the forensic medicine in law is more than just presence and to give advice in criminal procedure and other fields of this science such as civil law, Criminal law, etc, benefit from the forensic medicine in fulfiling their duty of administering justice. Of course, dealing with these issues requires related research efforts.                                                 .}, Keywords = { forensic medicine, Criminal procedure, Act, administration of justice, expert }, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {315-324}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-864-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-864-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Shaker, Muhammad Hossein and Sarikhani, A’del}, title = {Assessing the compensation for bone fracture from legal perspective and the procedure of forensic medicine organization with a solution for some problems of implementation}, abstract ={The theory of the compensation for bone fracture has been accepted by most religious jurists. This theory states, “The recompense for the bone fracture of the body parts for which compensation is included, if the fracture is irreparable, is as much as one fifth of the compensation for the removal of that body part, and if the fracture is fully reparable, the recompense is as much as four fifths of the compensation for the removal of that body part.”  Following from the most jurists, criminal law has accepted this theory and provides in Paragraph A of the article 569, “The recompense for the bone fracture of a body part is as much as one fifth of the compensation for the removal of that body part, and if the fracture is fully healed without any defect, the recompense is as much as four fifths of the compensation for the removal of that body part.” Passing judgment in accordance with the above Article is subject to the approval of fractures according to one of the states, i.e. reparable or irreparable. Due to lack of expertise of the vast majority of judges in the diagnosis of bone injuries, in accordance with Article 136 of the Code of Criminal Procedure: The Magistrate calls for the verdict of the coroner to examine injuries, signs of assault, physical injuries, psychological trauma and other examinations and medical tests, and in some cases, he invites the coroner. If the coroner is unable to attend or if there is no coroner in a particular place, then a trusted specialist is invited.” Forensic medicine experts begin to examine and issue certificates according to this article. Although Article 569 has stated the recompense for bone fracture, in the implementation phase, this article has had problems to which offering solutions will be useful to medical specialists when issuing verdicts and to judges in courts. In this paper, we will briefly investigate the juridical compensation for bone fracture and its reflection in constitutional law along with its implementation problems while considering the procedure of the forensic medicine organization and at the end will offer our suggestions.}, Keywords = { recompense/compensation, Islamic Law (Fiqh), forensic medicine, fracture, law}, volume = {22}, Number = {4}, pages = {325-331}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-865-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-865-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2017} }