@article{ author = {Khakbazan, Zohre and Mehdizadeh, Arezu and Azimi, Khadijeh and Mirmohammadali, M}, title = {Knowledge of Women and Girls Complaining of Rape Referred to Babol Forensic Medicine Center About Sexually Transmitted Diseases}, abstract ={Introduction: Sexual assault causes significant health complications for victims, including sexually transmitted diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness of women and girls who complain of rape about sexually transmitted diseases, because by recognizing the educational needs of people in the community can help improve the health of the community. Methods: In this descriptive study, 100 women and girls complaining of rape referred to Babol Forensic Medicine Center were examined in terms of knowledge of the nature and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Samples were selected by convenience sampling and the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: More than half of the research units (59%) had no knowledge about the nature and method of transmission and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, 24% had poor knowledge, 7% had moderate knowledge and only 10% had good knowledge. Conclusion: Considering the importance of prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in rape victims, the necessary education in the field of methods of prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and health care centers, through new and appropriate methods of community culture, should be provided to these people in forensic medicine centers.}, Keywords = {Awareness, sexually transmitted diseases, Sexual assault}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {71-75}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1245-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1245-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hojati, Mahboubeh and Iravani, Omid and Karimi, Sara and Soleimanpour, Ali and Karimi, Jalal}, title = {The Survey of Mortality Rate in Under Two Years Old Children Based on Forensic Autopsy Findings of Isfahan Province, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Investigating the causes of child death and preventing preventable cases has an important role in the health and productivity of the family and society, because according to the age of children, it can have a great financial and psychological burden on the family and society. Due to the few studies conducted in this field in the country, the purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of death of children under 2 years of age based on autopsy findings. Methods: In this cross-sectional and retrospective study, the cases of 57 children under two years old (26 boys and 31 girls) who were referred to Isfahan Forensic Medicine Center during 2018 and 2019 were examined and the causes of death and demographic and clinical characteristics were extracted. The obtained data were analyzed using χ2 statistical test and and Fishers exact test. Results: In terms of distribution of causes of death, 46% were natural deaths, 9% were asphyxia, 9% were home accidents, 19% were traffic accidents, 7% were sudden death syndrome and 10% were due to various causes. There is a statistically significant difference between cause of death and age group, place of death, history of disease and type of delivery (P<0.05) but there is no statistically significant difference between cause of death and sex, nationality, history of maternal disease, mother's age and mother's job (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering the ability to take preventive measures against abnormal deaths and its trend in the country, it is necessary to make future policies in order to promote legal investigations in order to ensure the health and safety of children.}, Keywords = {Unnatural deaths, Forensic medicine, Autopsy}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {77-84}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1255-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1255-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Badsar, Alireza and Farzan, Ramyar and Masoudi, Ebrahim and KazemNezhadLeilie, Ehsan and Gholizadeh, Amirmohamm}, title = {Lawsuits in Cosmetic Interventions Referred to Legal Medicine Organization of Guilan Province, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Considering that Iran has a high ranking in the field of cosmetic surgery in the world and due to the increasing desire of patients and competition of physicians with different specialized fields and other people active in the field of cosmetic medical interventions, this study aims to investigate the frequency of medical malpractice. In these interventions were performed. Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. In this study, the findings of the complaints files referred to the General Department of Forensic Medicine of Guilan Province during the years 1390 to 1397 were studied and the frequency of cases of negligence according to patient characteristics, type of negligence and the reason for complaints were investigated. Results: Out of 113 registered complaints, 60.2% of the cases were ruled as medical malpractice. 69.9% of female patients, 60.2% were married and their mean age was 4.9. 3.32 years. In 37.7% of cases, negligence was reported and in 43.5% a combination of negligence was reported. The highest number of complaints (42.5%) was related to rhinoplasty surgery and the majority of complaints were related to ENT specialists (37.2%) and general practitioners (26.5%), respectively. Conclusion: In such interventions, apart from observing scientific standards, form and result are of great importance for the patient. Therefore, paying attention to this matter and better interaction with the patient and proper justification of the patient can be effective in reducing the number of complaints. It is also important to perform interventions appropriate to the specialty of each physician.}, Keywords = {Medical errors, Forensic medicine, Cosmetic surgery}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {85-92}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1216-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1216-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Tabesh, Azar and Haj-Manoochehri, Rez}, title = {Determining the Socio-economic Factors Affecting the Suicide Rate in Iran Based on Bayesian Model Averaging Approach}, abstract ={Introduction: Empirical evidence in many countries shows that several factors lead to the decision of individuals to attempt suicide. The aim of this study was to determine the social and economic factors affecting the suicide rate in 31 provinces of the country between 2012 and 2017. Methods: In the present study, the effect of 16 socio-economic explanatory variables on suicide rate was investigated using the Bayesian model mean (BMA) method in an analytical-descriptive manner using R statistical software. All required statistics and information have been collected from library sources and statistical yearbooks of the Statistics Center of Iran, the Civil Registration Organization and the Forensic Medicine Organization of the country. Results: In this study, it was found that in Iran in the study period, the fertility rate with a probability of presence of 0.997 with a coefficient of 4.972 has a very strong effect on the suicide rate. Also, the abortion rate variable with a probability of 0.935 with a coefficient of 0.201 is the second strongest variable affecting the suicide rate. Among the 4 independent economic variables, only the unemployment rate with a probability of 0.719 and a coefficient of 0.393 is known as the third variable affecting the suicide rate. The illiteracy rate variable with a probability of 0.758 also has a relatively acceptable effect on the suicide rate. In contrast, other social and economic variables do not have much effect on the suicide rate in Iran. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, fertility rate, abortion rate, unemployment rate and illiteracy rate are the four main factors affecting the suicide rate in Iran.}, Keywords = {Suicide, Bayesian model averaging, Fertility rate, Abortion rate, Unemployment rate}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {93-104}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1251-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1251-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {RahimiAhmadabadi, Somayeh and Attaran, Hamid and RahimiAhmadabadi, Zahra and Fotovat, Akram}, title = {Comparison of Emotional Intelligence and Coping Skills in Adolescents Under 18 Years of Age Referred to Forensic Medicine in Khorasan Razavi to Study the Growth Sentence With 18 Years}, abstract ={Introduction: Growth in jurisprudence and civil law refers to the queen and the psychic states of a person whose possessor has the psychic quality of being able to recognize the benefits and harms. The aim of this study was to compare emotional intelligence and coping skills in adolescents under 18 years of age referred to forensic medicine in Khorasan Razavi in order to evaluate the growth rate with 18-year-olds in 2019. Methods: The present study is a descriptive design. The study population included all persons under 18 years of age who referred to the Khorasan Razavi Forensic Medicine Organization in 1398. Sixty people were selected by convenience sampling method and completed the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Lazarus Stress Coping Skills. These questionnaires were also administered to the control group. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and T-test and analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of adolescents under 18 and 18 years in the variables of emotional intelligence and its subscales (P<0.001). Also, there is a significant difference between the two groups in the variable of coping with stress and its subscales (P<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the significant difference between emotional intelligence and coping skills between the two groups, it seems that these factors have a significant impact on coping with stress and stressors, poor impulse control and decision making, transactions that lead to self-harm and Or has others who deny them the qualification to grow.}, Keywords = {Emotional intelligence, Stress coping skills, Adolescent, Emancipation Decree}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {105-114}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1246-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1246-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {BazazBenisi, Zahra and Saadatmand, Mahindokht and Hassanzadeh, Manijeh and Khosravi, Mohse}, title = {Frequency and Causes of Medical Malpractice in the Field of Gynecology and Midwifery Referred to the General Directorate of Legal Medicine in Qom Province, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Today, despite the efforts of the medical community, health care staff and the advancement of medical technology, the rate of patient dissatisfaction and complaints is increasing. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine the frequency, causes and factors of medical malpractice in the field of gynecology and obstetrics referred to the General Directorate of Forensic Medicine in Qom province during the years 1391-1391. Methods: This study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. All complaint files in the field of gynecology and midwifery in the General Directorate of Forensic Medicine of Qom Province from 1391 to 1396 were reviewed. The data collection tool was a checklist that was prepared and completed by the researcher using the files. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24. Results: The number of complaints in the field of gynecology and midwifery was 93, of which 62 were acquitted and 31 were convicted. The frequency of medical malpractice was 26.7% by midwives, 44.4% by gynecologists and 28.9% by other medical staff. Causes and types of negligence were high frequency (51.5%), carelessness (33.3%) and lack of skills (15.2%), respectively. Conclusion: Considering the increase in complaints of medical malpractice in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, in order to increase the job security of medical staff and in the same direction increase the safety of patients and clients, gynecologists and midwives are required to take measures according to scientific standards and protocols. Also, increase clinical skills and thus reduce the types of medical malpractice, to maintain the health of mothers and infants.}, Keywords = {Forensic medicine, Midwifery, Women specialist, Failure}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {115-126}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1207-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1207-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Akhlaghi, Mitra and Etesam, Farnaz and Heidarinejad, Mohammad Hassan and Akbarpour, Samaneh and Goudarzi, Forough and Sadeghian, Mohammad Hossei}, title = {Evaluation the Hopelessness of Medical Students and Related Factors}, abstract ={Introduction: The university environment may play a role in increasing frustration among students by spreading problems or stress. In the present study, we tried to evaluate the level of life expectancy and its related factors in students of different medical fields. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 1998-99. Students' frustration and general health status were collected using Beck frustration questionnaire and general health questionnaire. Results: A total of 634 students with a mean age of 22.50 years were included in the study. Of the total participants in the study, 270 were male. Approximately 40.3%, 25.4% and 4.6% of students had mild, moderate and severe levels of frustration, respectively. Interest in the field, smoking, life satisfaction, general health, and suicidal ideation were significantly associated with frustration among students. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate a relatively high prevalence of frustration among medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Given that these students are usually among the top ranks in the national entrance exam in the country and on the other hand in the future will be responsible for providing, maintaining and promoting the health of society, officials and researchers need to pay more attention to the mental health of these people. These problems should be investigated and appropriate measures should be taken to solve them.}, Keywords = {Hopelessness, Student, General health, Suicide}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {127-134}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1250-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1250-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SadatHosseini, Seyed Abbas}, title = {Criticism of the removal of responsibility of the perpetrator of the crime, regarding the necessary surgeries performed on the victim in the General Assembly of the Supreme Court}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Responsibility, Causation, Judicial procedure, Surgeries operations}, volume = {27}, Number = {2}, pages = {135-137}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1242-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-1242-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2021} }