@article{ author = {Astaraki, Peyman and Falahi, Ebadollah and Narimani, Soheila and Ahadi, Maryam}, title = {Evaluating of frequency of auditory system damage in the wounded of explosive remnants of war in Ilam}, abstract ={Background & Aim: The wide use of explosive weapon like mine in modern military conflicts causes of different damages such as auditory system injuries in victims. Considering to probable occurrence of these injuries, doing early inspection and treatment can be helpful for following legal claims and getting indemnity. This study was done for determining frequency of kinds of auditory system damage which caused by explosive remnants of war bombs in Ilam. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study 241 files of the explosion wounded who referred to Ilam forensic medicine department in June 2001 to June2008 were investigated, then necessary information gathered and analyzed by SPSS program . Findings: 15.4% of wounded with mean age of 32.5 years old had different kinds of auditory system damage.78.4% of them had kinds of hearing loss without outward findings and neurosensory hearing loss in frequences more than 2000hz was the most kind of auditory system damage (75.7%) in these persons. Conclusion: This study showed that hearing loss was one of the predictable damage in explosive victims, therefore by doing early inspection and treatment in the wounded and getting primary audiogram in high risk cases can be helpful for following and demonstrating there legal claims.}, Keywords = {Explosion , Hearing Loss, Hearing Impairment}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {77-81}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-73-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-73-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {Hejazi, Arya and Timchehharir, Alireza and vahdati, Naser}, title = {A comparison of the effective inhalation detector with GC in alcoholism in Khorasan Razavi Legal Medicine Center}, abstract ={Background & Aim: According to Article No: 174 of Islamic Punishment Law, alcoholic consumption is a crime and limit law must be excuted. The detection of alcoholic consumption in our countery is very important. Blood alcohol level searches in forensic medicine laboratories by tow methods: 1) Gas choromatography 2) Respiratory alcohol detector but the efficaciy of these methods hasn’t exactly compared yet in Iran procedure: Material & Method: In this search 432 doubtful cases that reffered to Khorasan forensic medicine lab were tested. Both methods were done 1) Standard Gas Choromatography and 2) Respiratory Alcohol Detector Findings: Respiratory Alcohol Detector test was negative in 51% cases and is positive in 49% when Gas Choromatography was negative in 40% and positive in 60%. In all cases which testing process was positive on Resipiratory Alcohol Detector, in Standard Gas Choromatography was positive too. The mean alcoholic concentration (MAC) Respiratory Alcohol Detectore is 40.9110.17 and this index in Gas Choromatography is 41.1210.96 Conclusion: The sensitivity of Respiratory Alcohol Detector in comparison with Gas Choromatography was 80% and the speciality was 100%. Therefore, there weren’t any false positive cases in this method but 14.6% were false negative that must be pay attention for interpretation of negative results.}, Keywords = {Alcohol, Alcohol detector, Gas Chromatography}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {82-84}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-74-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-74-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {Zand, Soleyman and EbrahimiFakhar, Hamid Rez}, title = {An investigation on the failures of emergency cures of head injury in Valiasr hospital of Arak in 2005}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Standard protection of patience suffering from head injuries are very important. Any failure in cure protection of this kind of patience is equal with deviation from the cure protocols. always many head injuries patience in to the emergency unit of hospital. Materials & Method: The study was conducted on 668 patients in emergency section of Valiasr hospital of Arak in 2005. Questions categorized in four groups for nursing and profession cadre including: general cure, respiratory system, homodynamic system and nervous system. Data were collected by seeing the performance of collectors and analyzed by the software SPSS. Findings: Physical examination and statements of the patient were not recorded by nursing and profession cadre of hospital in 98% and 86% of cases respectively. In 96.5% of cases the patients’ pulses hadn’t been controlled and recorded by nurses and in 99% of patients who had disorder in the urine system did not get any recommendation by profession cadre of hospital. The control of the arterial blood gases was not described in 98% of patients. Radiography of cervical vertebra was not conducted in 81% of cases. Conclosion: According to the result, taking cure of head injury patients was nearly acceptable, but in some cusses there are some failures. The most important failures related to negligence of the hospital cadre that has many reasons.}, Keywords = {Failures, Act of Mission, Head Injury}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {85-91}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-75-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The relation between job burnout and general health of judges and prosecutors working in courts of Tehran}, abstract ={Background & Aim: The difficult nature of legal procedures led to define “judicial job” as a “hard job”. This study is performed to find the effective factors and relation between “burnout” and general health of the judges and prosecutors working at courts in Tehran. Materials & Method: The study was conducted on all of judges and prosecutors working at courts in Tehran. The sample was selected based on random unequal ratio sampling. In this study we applied two standard questionnaires (MBI and GHQ-28) and analyzed the data by statistical parameters such as Pearson’s & spearman correlation coefficient, student t-test, regression coefficient, chi-square test and HSD. Findings: 32.7% of all the participants had some problems in general health and needed counseling services. Only 4.9% of them had severe problems in general health and needed more serious (e.g. psychotherapeutic or psychopharmacologic) interventions. Job burn out is higher in dimension of emotional fatigues and depersonalization and lower in dimension of personal functioning and occupational involvement, Also there is a meaningful correlation between general health and job burnout of the judges and prosecutors. Conclusion: One of the best ways for decreasing of job burnout and promoting the level of general health in judges and prosecutors is giving more attention to amend the managing styles, salary condition and relationship with other colleagues. In other words, rising of interest and producing motivation among judges and prosecutors will be effective in providing their general health.}, Keywords = {Job Burnout, Health, Judges, Prosecutors}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {92-98}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-76-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-76-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Autopsy findings of brainstem in head trauma in comparison with CT scan findings in brain trauma ward, Imam Khomeini hospital, Tabriz}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Because of its ability to demonstrate the nature, extent, sites, and multiplicity of brain injury, computed tomography (CT) is now the primary diagnostic method for head trauma. Although there have been numerous reports on the CT findings of most types of intracranial injuries, the findings in brainstem injuries have not been well described. This study aimed at comparing the autopsy findings of brainstem in head trauma in comparison with CT scan results. Materials & Methods: Two hundred patients with head trauma, who expired after a period of time of hospitalization, were assessed in a diagnostic value study. Brain stem involvement was determined by autopsy as well as CT scanning of the brain during their hospitalization. The results of the two methods compared with each other, emphasizing the type and the location of probable lesions in the brain stem. Considering the autopsy as the method of the choice, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of CT scan in brain stem lesions of patients with head trauma were calculated. The effect of primary cause of head trauma, survival time and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) were evaluated, as well. Findings: Brain stem lesions detected in 39 (19.5%) patients in autopsy. However, CT scan revealed brain stem lesions in 23(11.5%) cases. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of CT scan was 59%, 100%, 100% and 91% respectively. The most common lesions of the brain stem region were as contusion of pons (8.5%), medulla (5%) and midbrain (4.5%). There were 6 (3%) cases of pontomedullary junction tear and 1 (0.5%) case of cervicomedullary junction tear. Admitting GCS and survival time were significantly lower in patients with brain stem lesion (p<0.001 for both of them) however, the initial mechanism of trauma did not significantly differed between the two groups (p=0.343). Conclusion: CT scan is a specific method of evaluating patients with probable brain stem injuries after head trauma, but low sensitivity limits its efficacy. Our results are in conformity with the reports in the literature.}, Keywords = {Head Trauma, Brain Stem Injury, CT Scan, Autopsy}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {99-104}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-77-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The Correlation of Meteorological Variables with Quarrel and Psychiatric Hospitalization in Mashhad}, abstract ={Background & Aim: As there was no study on the role of meteorological variables on suicide, quarrel and psychiatric hospitalization in Iran, this study have evaluated the relationships between meteorological variables and aggression variations in Mashhad. Materials & Methods: This is an analytic descriptive study in which the daily hospitalization rates of Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital, daily rates of murder, suicide, and quarrels were obtained from the hospital archive files and Legal Medicine Department of Mashhad in 2005. Meteorological data were taken out of the daily reports of the Meteorology Organization of Khorasan Province. The meteorological variables of each day divided to 4 equal groups Then data were analyzed by SPSS software and underwent statistical tests such as ANOVA and POST HOC. Findings: There was a significant statistical relationship between the average daily temperature, moisture, air pressure and the number of quarrels and hospitalizations at Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital during the year 2005 in Mashhad. There were direct correlation between the average number of quarrels and hospitalizations and the average daily temperature (P=0.00) and indirect correlation with minimum and maximum moisture and air pressure (P=0.00). Also, the statistical data indicated that no meteorological variable had any effect on the rates of murder and suicide in the city. Conclusion: According to this study and investigations, there was a significant relationship between the meteorological variables and the rates of quarrels and hospitalizations at Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital. Yet there was no relationship with the rates of murder and suicide.}, Keywords = {Meteorological Variables, Aggression, Psychiatric Hospitalization, Murder, Suicide}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {105-111}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-78-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The study of physican attitude concerning organ donation and the level of information about laws & sanctions and the procedure in brain death}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Head truma is one of the most prevalent causes of brain death in accidental events. Annually, in our country, more than 15000 of brain death cases happen because of the accidents which less than %10 of them are organ donors. The number of organs donation has been less than in Europe or America because of the transplantable donative organs there for so many people loose their lives every year. In this study, we tried to study the physican attitude as someone who can educate and encourage the people to donate organs. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study has been done in 2007 in order to appoint the level of information & knowledge in physicians with regard to organ donation in brain death cases in kerman. self made questionaire & random sample survey have been used to collect data. The questionaire has being arranged in 3 parts which includes, demographic traits, the evaluation of view points, and the evaluation of knowledge. Generally, 400 physicians are being studied in kerman and all the questions have been completed and spss software and K & T test have been used to analyze data. Findings: In this study, about %55 of physiciansagreed agreed with the organ transplant in brain death but only about %80 agreed with filling and signing the organ donation card. %49.6 of physicians had high level of information and %11.4 had low level of information. %65.5 had positive opinions and %2.3 had negative opinions. According to an accurate study, it has shown that there is a meaningful relationship between the level of information , and attitude (P < 0.001). Conclusion: With due attention to the important role of physicians in organ donation process, it has strongly being recommended to have edncational planning in order to increas the level of information and reinforce their motive and their self esteem to make a better relationship with the brain death relatives.}, Keywords = {Attitude, Information, Organ Donation, Brain Death}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {112-116}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-79-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-79-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Case report of one sudden death due to the rupture of dissecting aortic aneurysm in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1}, abstract ={Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type1, is an autosomal dominant disorder which involves different portions of the body including bones, nervous system, soft tissue, skin and vessels. Vascular involvement of this disorder comprises stenosis, aneurysm and arterio-venous fistulas. ‍Case Presentation: In this report, a 39 years old male is presented suffering from neurofibromatosis type1 with multiple manifestations of bones, nervous system, skin and vessels, and was under radiotherapy for malignant mediastinal neurofibromas for 2 monthes, and died suddenly due to rupture of dissecting aortic aneurysm about 1 month after the end of radiotherapy. Conclusion: Considering the vascular involvement in neurofibromatosis which occasionally can be life threatening, it seems that vascular involvement in these patients must be considered more seriously.}, Keywords = {Neurofibromatosis, Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm, Rupture of Aorta}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {117-119}, publisher = {Iranian Legal Medicine Organization}, url = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-80-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjfm.ir/article-1-80-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine}, issn = {1027-1457}, eissn = {2383-0034}, year = {2008} }