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Analysis of Human, Environmental, and Temporal Factors Associated with the Severity of Fatal Urban Traffic Crashes in Isfahan Province, Iran (2018–2020)
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Mahboobeh Hojati1   , Maziyar Mollaei Pardeh2 |
1- 2. PhD Candidate in Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran and Research Expert, Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Health Management, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran , maziyarmollaea@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (36 Views) |
Background: Road traffic fatalities remain one of the leading causes of premature death in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the human, environmental, and temporal factors associated with the severity of fatal crashes occurring on urban roads in Isfahan Province.
Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using all 1,023 fatal traffic crashes registered by the Isfahan Traffic Police on urban roads between 2018 and 2020. Cases were identified through census sampling. Data were extracted from standardized police report forms and analyzed using chi-square tests and stepwise multivariable logistic regression in SPSS version 27 (p < 0.05).
Results: The most frequent definitive causes of fatal crashes were driver inattention (n = 388, 37.9%), excessive speed (n = 219, 21.4%), and failure to observe safety precautions (n = 175, 17.1%). Chi-square tests revealed significant associations between high-severity crashes and year of occurrence, day of the week, time of day, age, gender, lighting conditions, type of non-culpable vehicle, and primary crash cause (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The severity of fatal urban crashes in Isfahan Province is primarily driven by the interplay of human factors (especially driver inattention and gender-specific vulnerability), environmental factors (nighttime darkness), and temporal factors (Thursday traffic peaks). Preventive strategies should simultaneously target distraction reduction, enhanced nighttime illumination and enforcement, and implementation of Thursday-specific safety measures to reduce immediate and multiple fatalities.
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| Keywords: Accidents, Traffic, Wounds and Injuries, Risk Factors, Automobile Driving, Attention |
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Type of Article: Research Article |
Subject:
Forensic Epidemiology
Received: 2025/09/11 | Revised: 2025/12/24 | Accepted: 2025/12/7
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