Background: One of the major issues in forensic psychiatry would assess immediate risk of developing psychosis while committing the crime charged is real madnrss. Because according to islamic criminal legislation and the laws of other countries madness during ablative crime is free of criminal responsibility . The aim of this study was to determine the rate of spontaneous madness of cases referred to the alleged crimes committed during the commission of forensic psychiatry provinces of  Lorestan and Ilam in 2006-2010 years.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study is the limited sample size sample of all cases referred to the Commission on Forensic Psychiatry provinces of Lorestan and Ilam in 2006-2010 is conducted during non-census. Legal offices, medical centers, visit the registration Lorestan and Ilam provinces and  collected the archives of the files contents on completing objectives.

Findings: A total of psychiatric cases referred to committees killing is the. only allege crime the madness  is asserted in it. Also, only 9 cases (7 cases in Lorestan and Ilam file 2) claim insanity when they commit a crime. 1 file of 9 claimants madness in Ilam, Lorestan and 2 cases were proved Madness. Madness with a history of mental illness were confirmed in all three cases. Crime proven tool block and brick involved. Only one of the cases had a history of drug use.

 Conclusion: Considering all the proved madness, The cases had history of mental illness and a history of drug use, proper diagnosis and control of mental disorders that are likely to reduce the risk of dementia problem of drug use and crime is important, and due to statistical limitations, this study should be carried out widely in the country