Background: Ogilvie Syndrome is considered as a rare complication of post operations. It is an acute functional obstruction without any mechanical causes. Obviously, in a late or mismanagement, this could lead to a fetal peritonitis. As our data base searches, most studies of this syndrome have shown its cause and management so, this study, through a survey on a medical incident case presentation, could be considered a new one from the forensic medicine viewpoint.

Case Presentation: A 34 years old woman in her 32th weeks of pregnancy came to emergency room because of a massive vaginal bleeding. Cesarean section delivery was done due to an incidental decidual abruption diagnosis. The patient and her new born baby were discharged in a good condition. Three days following discharge, the patient admitted in the hospital due to an acute peritonitis partial colectomy was done. Following the second surgery, the patient was admitted in ICU for next 35 days. The patient was discharged in a good condition and claimed for her problems which came to her due to her obstetrics physician negligence.

Conclusion: This syndrome should be considered as one of the post operation complications in a patient who has abdominal distention and other obstruction signs. Careful and suitable care and management following surgeries like a cesarean delivery should be done by surgeons and physicians are responsible for possible negligence in care steps. It is known that even a request for a surgical consultation besides fair care and in time management following a susceptible diagnosis, could save both patients and physicians from the future problems.